博客园_☆心海e站☆

【Vegas改编】xp下安装SQL2000 MSDE及管理工具

2012-02-07T08:03:00Z

SQL2000企业版本适用于WIN 2000&NT&2003系统，XP一般装不了，需要选用个人版，这里介绍一个XP下安装装SQL2000 MSDE（Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine）和管理工具的方法。

办法如下：

一．在SQL企业版的安装盘中找到MSDE这个目录，并且点击setup.exe安装它，过程简单直接下一步就ＯＫ了。

二. 重启系统WINDOWSXP,这下就可以看到SQL服务的图标出现了。

三. 再拿出SQL服务器版的安装光盘，直接安装客户端工具（这个不要多说吧？最简单的方法就是直接点击光盘根目录下的autorun.exe)
根据提示安装【一直下一步即可】，自检过程中知道系统不是SERVER版，会提示只安装客户端工具。（哈哈，服务端已有了）

四. 打开企业管理器，试用SA用户连一下看看，是不是发现SA用户登陆失败？因为你还没有与信任SQL SERVER连接相关联。还好这个只要对系统注册表稍加修改就可以啦：

在运行中输入regedit打开注册表编辑器，找到[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\MICROSOFT\\MSSQLSERVER\\MSSQLSERVER]，这个项里面有一个键值LoginMode，默认下，值是1，现在将值改为2，重启电脑。

五. 再打开企业管理，再连接试试，OK！

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【Vegas原创】关于轻博客 - 圣者维加斯轻博客

2012-02-03T19:43:00Z

轻博客是介于博客与微博之间的一种网络服务，博客是倾向于表达的，微博则更倾向于社交和传播，轻博客吸收双方的优势。它既不同于微博也不同于博客，轻博客是一种全新的网络媒体。

轻博客的内容，则需要专精的领域，而不是再像微博和博客那样，可以随便的写，这样才能有所立足。

圣者维加斯轻博客（http://www.szvegas.com ）为我（Vegas）基于云边轻博的运用，主要面向音乐爱好者开放，这是一个全新的、倾向于音乐话题的“高质量内容发布和传播”的轻博客社区。

轻博客是介于博客与微博之间的一种网络服务，博客是倾向于表达的，微博则更倾向于社交和传播，轻博客吸收双方的优势。

如果说微博是一份报纸，博客是一本书，那么轻博客则更像一本杂志，当然这只是从内容层面的一种形象比喻。

既不同于微博也不同于博客，我们是一种全新的网络媒体。

喜欢听，或是喜欢聊，或是喜欢唱，或是喜欢写，或是喜欢创作，或是乐手，或是后期等等... 圣者维加斯网正是您最佳的传播和交流平台。因为，我们只关注音乐。

欢迎各位志同道合的朋友，到圣者维加斯网来发布自己的作品，也欢迎各位专业朋友的点评与指导，让我们以音乐为目标，向着让更多喜欢音乐的人，获取更多精彩的内容为目标而共同努力。

音乐是一种伟大的艺术，圣者维加斯网的初衷正是希望将这种艺术升华，为您展示。

欢迎各位访问Vegas负责的圣者维加斯轻博： http://www.szvegas.com

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Mysql数据库当前连接用户及会话查询

2012-01-12T03:01:00Z

在Mysql中，可以通过如下方式查询Mysql数据库当前连接的用户及会话信息：

1. show full processlist

mysql> show full processlist;
+----------+-----------+--------------------+-------------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
| Id       | User      | Host               | db          | Command | Time | State | Info                  |
+----------+-----------+--------------------+-------------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
| 26321235 | root      | localhost          | socialciv   | Sleep   |    3 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322405 | root      | localhost          | NULL        | Query   |    0 | NULL | show full processlist |
| 26322588 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51395 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322621 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51400 | soooalciv   | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322645 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51433 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322646 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.52:42308 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322648 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51439 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322650 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51442 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322659 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51454 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322667 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51469 | soooalciv   | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322671 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51475 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322674 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51481 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322677 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51485 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322678 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.52:42356 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322679 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51486 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322680 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51487 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322681 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.52:42359 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322684 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51493 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322685 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.52:42367 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322688 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:51500 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322689 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.52:42368 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
| 26322690 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.52:42371 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   |    0 |       | NULL                  |
+----------+-----------+--------------------+-------------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+

2. mysqladmin -uroot -p -hlocalhost processlist

-bash-3.2$ mysqladmin -uroot -p -hlocalhost processlist
Enter password:
+----------+-----------+--------------------+-------------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id       | User      | Host               | db          | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----------+-----------+--------------------+-------------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 26309321 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33532 | soooalciv   | Sleep   | 2    |       |                  |
| 26309374 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33611 | soooalciv   | Sleep   | 2    |       |                  |
| 26309387 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33631 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   | 3    |       |                  |
| 26309390 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33636 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309393 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33639 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309419 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33677 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 2    |       |                  |
| 26309420 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33679 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309424 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33685 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   | 2    |       |                  |
| 26309442 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:33589 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   | 1    |       |                  |
| 26309445 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33723 | user_silo_0 | Sleep   | 1    |       |                  |
| 26309457 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:33612 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 1    |       |                  |
| 26309459 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33745 | user_silo_1 | Sleep   | 1    |       |                  |
| 26309469 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33759 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309470 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33760 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309471 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.51:33632 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309472 | dmadbuser | 192.168.0.53:33763 | user_silo_2 | Sleep   | 0    |       |                  |
| 26309473 | root      | localhost          |             | Query   | 0    |       | show processlist |
+----------+-----------+--------------------+-------------+---------+------+-------+------------------+

max_connections 参数可以用于控制数据库的最大连接数：

mysql> show variables like '%connect%';
+--------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value             |
+--------------------------+-------------------+
| character_set_connection | latin1            |
| collation_connection     | latin1_swedish_ci |
| connect_timeout          | 10                |
| init_connect             |                   |
| max_connect_errors       | 10                |
| max_connections          | 4000              |
| max_user_connections     | 0                 |
+--------------------------+-------------------+

以下命令用于查询Mysql数据库的状态信息：

mysqladmin -uroot -p -hlocalhost status

-bash-3.2$ mysqladmin -uroot -p -hlocalhost status
Enter password:
Uptime: 540120 Threads: 21 Questions: 306833244 Slow queries: 37 Opens: 320214 Flush tables: 19 Open tables: 64 Queries per second avg: 568.083

原文地址: http://www.eygle.com/archives/2012/01/mysql_processlist.html

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电脑操，上班族腰椎肩颈疼痛去无踪

2011-12-12T10:02:00Z

2011-12-12T10:02:00Z2011-12-12T10:02:00ZVegas Leehttp://www.cnblogs.com/Vegaslee/

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【Vegas原创】tar解压压缩包中的其中一个目录或是文件

2011-11-25T08:12:00Z

tar zxvf 148var_20111116.tar.gz ./db_szvegas_com

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【Vegas原创】Linux强制覆盖的且不提示的方法

2011-11-17T08:07:00Z

yes | cp -rf www/* /vhost/xxx/www

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美国人带孩子的17个绝招

2011-10-20T01:38:00Z

2011-10-20T01:38:00Z2011-10-20T01:38:00ZVegas Leehttp://www.cnblogs.com/Vegaslee/

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一對小夫妻離婚後的三十天生活

2011-09-16T03:32:00Z

她是我大學同學，我們談了三年戀愛，在一起又過了三年。

只是有一個問題，離婚之後，在她還沒找到新住所之前，我們還得住一起。

自己想想都覺得搞笑，談戀愛的時候，我們特純潔，雖然彼此之間不止於牽手擁抱，但是同居這樣的事情，壓根沒敢嘗試過。沒想到現在離婚了，倒趕了趟新潮。

一室一廳的房子，兩個不再是夫妻的男女住在一起，特別別扭。

第一個晚上，我拿了一套臥具鋪在沙發上。

第一夜，睡得真舒坦！沒有人在耳邊嘮叨的夜晚，真美！只是，如果我們家的沙發是布沙發就好了，這個木頭沙發讓我在清晨醒來的時候，脖子有點酸。

到了洗手間的門口，聽見里面有嘩啦啦的水聲。這個臭女人，不知道從什麽時候養成的壞習慣，晚上睡覺前洗澡，早上起床後還要洗澡。算了算了，反正也已經習慣了。我順手拉門就進去。我剛掀起馬桶準備方便，沒想到她竟然“哇”地一聲狂叫了起來。

大清早的，也不至於見鬼了啊，叫什麽叫？嚇得我尿都憋了回去。“你沒見我在洗澡嗎？你是不是男人啊？有男人在女人洗澡的時候進來解手的嗎？”她掀開浴簾，一只手用浴巾裹著身體，一只手指著我的鼻子就開始訓斥。

“你叫什麽叫啊？咱們之間不是還隔著浴簾嗎？我能看到你什麽啊？又不是第一次你洗澡的時候我進來解手，至於這麽誇張嗎？再說了，就你那身體，我都看了三年了，閉上眼睛都知道是什麽樣子了，值得我偷窺嗎？”

“你……”她氣得說不出話來。裹著浴巾就跑出浴室，就聽到臥室的門“砰”的一聲。

潑婦！就你這臭脾氣，看以後還有誰敢要你！

解完手，我去臥室，我今天上班要穿的衣服還掛在櫥子里呢。這死女人，竟然將臥室的門給鎖上了。我敲了半天門，里面總算回了一句，我在穿衣服！

算了，反正離婚了，讓讓她吧。

半小時後她才出來，倒是衣著光鮮唇紅膚白。可惜，她臨出門時狠狠瞪了我一眼，破壞了她的形象。因為這半小時，我上班第一次遲到。

下班後，我在大街上胡亂溜達著消磨時間，雖然無聊，但是總比看她那張臉要好。就這樣呆到九點，我在街角吃了碗面，回家。

我進家門，她老人家竟然在客廳里坐著。看見我進來，臉上竟然還帶著微笑。我遲疑地在她面前坐下，天！她竟然給我沏了一杯茶。

她葫蘆里賣什麽藥？我想到了一個詞：笑里藏刀。

“今天呢，我仔細想了一下，咱們現在不是夫妻了，雖然我現在是借你的房子住一個月，但是我想，為了避免這一個月出現不必要的尷尬和誤會，我們還是約法三章比較好。”

說著，她溫柔地拿起一張紙在我面前晃了晃。“你看看，要是沒什麽意見，那麽就簽一個字，咱們一人一份。”

我拿起紙看了看。

第一條：………

在一方使用洗手間的時候，另一方不得以任何借口進入；

第二條，一方不得以任何借口接觸對方的身體；

……

我數了數，大小竟然有二十六條之多。

“沒意見，那麽就請簽字。”她竟然連鋼筆都準備好了。

我本來想沖她發火的，但是想想也沒必要。反正最多也就一個月的時間，忍忍也就過去了。我冷眼看了看她，拿起鋼筆就揮下我的大名。

“對了，作為你簽字的回報，在我們共同生活的期間，我還繼續給你做飯吃。”

有了這個條約，這日子可就真拘束。剛開始那幾天，感覺做什麽都被束縛著。並且，我還繼續在外面晃悠著找地方吃飯。哼，以為做飯給我吃，我就會感恩？美去吧你！

我一個月不吃你的飯，看我會不會餓死！唉，話是這麽說，只是每次晃悠著的時候，聞到別人家的飯菜香，心里也還是十分羨慕。

一個星期相安無事。

一天我進門的時候，她剛好準備出去。

“出去？”我裝著隨口問了聲，其實我不喜歡她這麽晚出去還噴了香水。“是啊，阿鈴說今晚介紹一個朋友給我認識。你看看我今天剛買的衣服，還不錯吧？”她站在鏡子前仔細端詳著自己。

“是啊，是不錯，釣傻帽最適合了。”傻子都聽出我說的不是好話。

“你！”她的臉上又開始浮現厭惡我的表情了。只是，轉而她又假惺惺地淺笑盈盈。

“是啊，反正我現在是單身了，就算是釣傻帽，我也有這個權利啊，總會有珍惜我的人出現的。你也老大不小了，也該考慮考慮自己的幸福了。”她怒目瞪了我一眼。

“那我祝你今晚吊到一個大傻子！要是人家送你一個別墅，也借咱住兩天。”“喲，說話怎麽這麽酸啊？你不會是看我出去吃醋吧？”她哈哈笑了起來。

“走吧走吧，別站那礙我的眼！”我隨手就給她拉開了門。她斜著眼睛瞧著我，走了出去。出門的時候，還對我“哼”了一下。我“砰”地關上了門。

沒有礙眼的人在了，我開始上網找妹妹聊天。前天我從購買了一套媲西伊遮斯，那個東東專門防止屏幕監控、鍵盤鼠標記錄，防止聊天記錄被偷看等，有了那個東東安心多了。上網總算沒有人管了，呵呵。

只是心里怎麽這麽煩呢？難道我真吃醋了嗎？哈哈，我開始笑我自己，怎麽這麽胡想？可是我主動提出離婚的啊！

大概過了兩個小時，她就回來了。而且，在我面前走過的時候，我看到了她臉色很差。她直接回臥室睡覺了，竟然連澡都沒出來洗。

她心情不好地回來，我竟然心情好了。嘿嘿，活該你出去，我也樂顛顛地睡下來。

半夜，我被她的一聲尖叫嚇醒。剛想起來看看什麽情況，就見她穿著睡衣沖了出來，跳到沙發上摟著我的脖子直發抖。“怎麽了？”我拍拍她的背問。“蟑螂……”她一說這兩個字我就明白了。

這個女人雖然對我很兇悍，但是天生害怕小動物，什麽蟑螂、老鼠、貓、狗等等，每出現一次她都尖叫半天，害我一直想弄一個小狗回來養養都不成。

“乖，別怕。”我像往常一樣安慰她，進房間給她消滅去。房間里四下找了半天，沒發現蟑螂的影子，只得回來。

我一坐上沙發，她又將我的脖子摟住。“打死了嗎？”她臉上被嚇出眼淚，不過在夜晚黯淡的光線下，卻有梨花帶雨一枝春的感覺。“好了，被我打死了。別怕，你回去睡覺吧，明天大家都上班呢。”

我騙了她。因為我知道我不說打死而說沒找到的話，肯定會被她逼著再找下去。那麽我的覺也算是不要指望睡了。“我害怕，我不回去睡。”

“你忘記我們離婚了。而且，你也破壞了我們的約法三章中的第二條。你首先接觸我的身體了。”我語氣冷淡，哼，叫你晚上出去釣傻子，看到蟑螂才想起我。

她聽到我這話，呆了一下，咬著嘴唇說了聲“對不起”後，跑回了房間。又是“砰”地一聲關門聲。

我呆坐半晌，突然給自己一個大嘴巴。

我睡在沙發上，但是一點困意都沒有。隱約中，房間里傳來她哭泣的聲音。進去還是不進去？我有點猶豫，我又給自己一個大嘴巴，是男人就進去！

我打開房間的門，看到她伏在被子里哭。我坐到床邊，拉開被子，輕聲地問她怎麽了？說實話，我看到她滿臉的淚水，心里真是好心疼。

“你進來做什麽？我們不是離婚了嗎？我不希罕你來關心我！給我出去，出去！”她沖我歇斯底里地叫，拿起枕頭砸我。“對不起，剛才是我說錯話了，原諒我好嗎？”

我不管她到底是因為什麽，我還是堅持將她抱在懷里，輕輕吻她臉上的淚。她不再對我咆哮了，用力抱著我的脖子，開始沒完沒了地哭。

終於，她一邊哭一邊說今晚因為什麽而不開心了。原來，她那個破姐妹阿鈴給她介紹的人竟然是一個臺灣老頭子，坐下來沒多久就開始動手動腳。阿鈴竟然還勸她，反正你是離過婚的人了，將就著跟了這個老頭子算了。

“我離婚了，是不是就比別人矮一截？我們為什麽要離婚？”她一邊哭著問我，一邊掐著我的脖子。

我沒有辦法回答她的問題，因為我自己也不知道答案。雖然脖子被她掐得好痛，但是掐就掐吧，反正又掐不死我，以後不住一起了，想被她掐都沒機會了。

終於我們都累了，彼此沈沈睡去。

醒來的時候，太陽已經出來了。我還抱著她，她還摟著我的脖子。

我不敢動，怕自己驚了她的夢，好像已經很多年沒有這樣的感覺了。兩個人在一起時間越久，清晨醒來就越沒有感覺。

想想從前的日子，我們幾乎都是在匆忙中醒來，一邊彼此抱怨著對方，一邊收拾東西趕著上班。我們之間，為什麽會走到今天這一步？到底因為什麽？

她也醒了。

醒來後，她忽然意識到什麽，松開了抱我脖子的手，臉上有一抹羞澀，“早！”

我也慌忙松開抱她的手，趕忙下床。

“昨夜……”

“昨夜沒什麽，快起來洗漱吧，要不上班快遲到了。”

有了這一晚之後，我感覺我們的關系也發生了微妙的變化。下班的時候，我在路邊看到有賣海棠糕的，想起這是她家鄉的特產，隨手就買了點。只是買完之後，我不知道自己是現在就回家，還是像從前一樣晃悠著消磨時間。

“先生啊，這個東西新鮮的時候最好吃，時間長了，就不好吃了。”找錢時，小販特地關照我。

我硬著頭皮回到了家，她在做飯。

“嗯……嗯，我給你買了海棠糕。下班時候，剛好看到的。”我對著在廚房里忙碌的她支支吾吾地解釋著。

她很開心地走了出來，拿起一塊就吃了起來。“去洗手吧，飯菜都好了。”

面對桌子上的飯菜，我心里酸酸的。

數數日子，我在外面混飯吃已經有二十多天了。她做的菜，真香。

“吃吧。”

我拿起了碗筷。

……

“慢慢吃，別噎著。來，喝碗湯。”她給我盛了一碗湯。

“這個菜挺新鮮的，吃一塊。”她給我夾了一筷子。

“你最近瘦得很厲害，以後別在外面吃了，又貴又沒營養，還是回家來吃吧。”

……

吃完了飯，我搶著收拾。

“算了，結婚這麽久了，也沒見你收拾過，還是我來吧。”

“我……”

“沒事，我也收拾習慣了。你去看電視吧，我一會就收拾好了。”

我給自己沏了一杯茶，又給她沏了一杯。

她洗刷完畢，在我身邊坐了下來。我趕緊將沏好的水端了過去。

“你想看什麽節目？”我拿著遙控器問她。

“你今天怎麽這麽客氣啊？客氣得我都不習慣了。”她咯咯地笑了起來。

我不好意思地摸摸我的頭。“我以前，很壞嗎？”

“壞？沒人說你壞啊，只是你比較懶罷了。現在咱們都離婚了，你卻忘了自己的衣服要自己洗。你也不想想，每天的幹凈衣服，是誰給你洗的？以後，自己要學會照顧自己啊！”

“離婚……是的，我們離婚了。”我默然不再言語。

她也陷入沈默。

那晚，我們坐在一起看了三個小時的電視，沒有說話，沒有換臺，只是我不記得自己看了什麽。

三十天的時間很快就到了。這天，她吃完飯告訴我，她已經找好房子，等星期天就可以搬家了。我的心立即變得很空很空。

星期六很快就來了，我坐在沙發上看她來來去去地收拾東西。

屋內顯得很亂，但感覺空氣是靜止的。我們都沒有說話。她會留下什麽？我心里突然很想知道。但是，我沒問。

“你慢慢收拾，我出去走走。”沒等她回答，我就走出了門。

屋外的天空很藍，多像三年前放風箏的那天啊。屋外的陽光很輕，三年前是否同樣溫暖過我們呢？屋外的情侶很多，我們也這樣甜蜜地走過三年……

“媽媽，叔叔在哭。”身邊的一個小孩子叫了起來。

我擦了擦眼睛，勉強一個笑容出來，“叔叔是被沙子迷進眼了。”

我對自己笑了笑，找了一個方向隨便走了下去。

一直到傍晚，我還在外面閑逛。

手機響了，是她的短信：“飯菜已做好，我們最後吃一次飯吧。”

我馬上跑回家里。

房間里沒有開燈。她在餐桌上點了蠟燭，菜很豐盛，還有一瓶紅酒。

她穿的是結婚時我給她買的一條黑色蕾絲裙子。

“我們結婚三年了，都沒在一起喝過酒。過了今晚我就走了，我們喝一次好嗎？”她一邊給我倒酒一邊說。“幹。”我舉起了杯子。

我們沒有再多說什麽，還能說什麽呢？再多的話都改變不了明天的結局。算了，不要去想了，喝酒吃菜。最好是喝醉了，等我醒來的時候，她已經離開了。她離開，不是我一直期望的嗎？我不是一直討厭這個啰嗦的臭女人嗎？我應該高興啊！

以後看球賽不管多晚都不會有人在我身邊訓斥我，叫我去睡覺了，多爽啊！我不洗腳就上床也沒有人嫌我臟了，多美啊！我沒有理由不開心啊！只是，為什麽這酒喝在嘴里是苦澀的？

“你的衣服我都整理好放在櫥子里了，內衣和襪子在床下面抽屜里，你的胃不好，以後要是一定要熬夜，記得給自己搞點東西吃。冰箱里我買了一些食品，你自己要慢慢學會做飯，不要總在外面吃。吃飯也要註意營養，別總是湊合。咱們的存折我放在床頭櫃里了，上面還有三萬多塊錢。咱們家每個月的電話費、煤氣、水電費都在街角的銀行交，就是這個卡，你收好，別到時候找不到。

這個月給你父母匯的錢我也已經匯出去了，以後你要記得按時給他們匯錢，沒事多打電話回家，爸媽都挺惦記你的。我今天給他們打了電話了，爸說手機壞了，我在還特好商城幫他買了新的手機快遞回去了。爸爸最近腿上的風濕有點厲害，上次我們給他買的藥恐怕快吃完了，這個是藥名和地址，你明天記得買一些也快遞回去。

我沒告訴他們我們已經離婚了，你以後有機會想好了再和他們說。不管你爸爸說你什麽，記得不要讓他生氣。這是我給爸媽買的毛衣，你明天一起遞回去吧。”

她在一樣一樣地交待著，我希望我自己每件都能記得，但是又希望我什麽都不要記得。我突然感覺自己很白癡。我在這個家里生活了三年，但是現在我卻感到非常陌生。我開始害怕，我不知道我一個人是否有能力生活下去。

“這是咱們結婚的時候，媽給我的戒指。這個是你們傳家的東西，我不帶走了，請向媽媽說句對不起。”一枚碧綠色的翡翠戒指放在我的面前，它的光好強，讓我的眼睛開始刺痛。“我帶走的東西是按照我們離婚時候協商好的。”

她站了起來，四下看了看，笑了笑說，“你有什麽不明白的要問嗎？”

我還有什麽不明白的要問呢？我什麽都不知道，我只知道在我最想她留下來的時候，她卻要走了。她一直說我不像個男人，我一直覺得這是她對我的侮辱。我現在終於明白，我的確不是一個男人，我像一個孩子一樣肆意揮霍著她給我的幸福和安定。

“要是你沒有事情要問的話，我們休息吧。今晚你睡房間我睡沙發。明天一早搬家公司的人就來搬家了，我在這多住了一個月，夠麻煩你了，明早你在房間里睡，可以少打攪點。”

我不知道自己到底該怎麽做，只是木然地對她點了點頭，走進了房間，關上了門。

我看了一夜的天花板。

清晨的陽光照了進來。

我聽到敲門聲，我聽到搬東西聲，我聽到她叫工人“輕點”。只是，我聽不到自己的心跳聲。

她敲了敲門，我沒動。

“我走了，以後自己照顧自己。”她沒有進來，隔著門聲音低低地說。

我聽到了關門聲。

我沒有再聽到任何聲音。

為什麽我們要離婚？為什麽我們要離婚？

“有空記得回來玩啊！”我聽到鄰居的聲音。

你還是不是男人？一個聲音在我心里對我吼。

你是男人，你現在去追她回來，還來得及！

我翻身下床，跑到窗邊對著下面喊道：“等一下，先別走！”

我沖下了樓，我要做一個男人！

她站在車邊，微笑地看著我，半晌輕輕地說：“謝謝你下來送我。”她的眼角有淚。

“你走了，我怎麽辦？”我抓住她的胳膊問她。

“我們已經離婚了。”

“我現在不要你走，我不能沒有你。”我對著自己吼，對著她苦苦哀求。

“離婚是你提的。”

“我知道自己錯了，求你原諒我一次，好不好？我求你了！”

“你是男人，怎麽可以在這麽多人面前哭？”她用手給我擦眼淚，她的手指好冷。

“只要你回來，我不要做男人！”

“我們在一起前後六年了，結婚後你就沒再關心過我，沒問過我要什麽，沒問過我想什麽。我對你說話，你覺得嘮叨；我要你安心家庭，你說我生活沒有情趣。你知道嗎？我和你生活三年，我也很累。我是愛你，但是你知道嗎，這份愛我維持得好辛苦！”

“對不起，再給我一次機會，讓我們重新來過，好不好？我錯過了很多，我不想再繼續錯下去。你是愛我的，愛我就不要走，好不好？”我心里好痛，為什麽到最後我才說出這樣的話？

“我們離婚了。你要我回來，除非你現在再次向我求婚。”她的臉上有一種奇異的神情。

“好，我求婚。我求你再次嫁給我！”我單腿跪下，向她第二次求婚。

“求婚要有玫瑰，要有戒指，你有嗎？”

玫瑰！戒指！天啊，我現在到哪里找？

“我們家二丫頭昨晚剛收到一束玫瑰，傻小子你快去拿。”鄰居大爺沖我直叫。我又想起那個家傳的翡翠戒指！

我沖上了樓，闖進鄰居家，拿了那束玫瑰就出來。我回到自己的家，可是我卻怎麽也找不到那枚翡翠戒指！

為什麽？為什麽上天要如此刁難我？戒指，你到底在哪里？

我在慌忙地四處翻找，她上了樓。在她的身後，跟著一大幫看熱鬧的鄰居。

我一把抓住了她，將玫瑰塞進她的懷里，“我找不到戒指，求你先答應我好不好？”

她噗哧一聲笑了出來，從包里拿出一個黑色的絲絨盒子。慢慢打開，一枚閃爍溫潤光亮的翡翠戒指端立在那里。

“對不起，我好像多拿走一樣東西。”她撲到我的懷抱里笑了起來。

得不到的永遠是最美好的

可是,

親愛的,

如果得到,擁有

會知足嗎?

做好手中事

珍惜眼前人!

本文链接

标点符号的英文读法

2011-09-15T03:20:00Z

exclam'＝'!'
'at'＝'@'
'numbersign'＝'#'
'dollar'＝'$'
'percent'＝'%'
'caret'＝'^'
'ampersand'＝'&'
'asterisk'＝'*'
'parenleft'＝'('
'parenright'＝')'
'minus'＝'-'
'underscore'＝'_'
'equal'＝'='
'plus'＝'+'
'bracketleft'＝'['
'braceleft'＝'{'
'bracketright'＝']'
'braceright'＝'}'
'semicolon'＝';'
'colon'＝':'
'quote'＝'''
'doublequote'＝'"'
'backquote'＝'''
'tilde'＝'~'
'backslash'＝'\'
'bar'＝'|'
'comma'＝','
'less'＝'<'
'period'＝'.'
'greater'＝'>'
'slash'＝'/'
'question'＝'?'
'space'＝' '

本文链接

Oracle DBA Interview Q&A

2011-09-15T03:04:00Z

In response for a reader of this blog who asked me for some interview questions for a 3+Year experienced DBA, I have written this series of questions that you can use in your interviews. Either if you are the interviewer, or the interviewer. Enjoy!

1. Basic (Every DBA should answer correctly ALL these questions. This knowledge is just basic for a 3+ year experienced DBA)

1.1 Q- Which are the default passwords of SYSTEM/SYS?
A- MANAGER / CHANGE_ON_INSTALL
1.2 Q- How can you execute a script file in SQLPLUS?
A- To execute a script file in SQLPlus, type @ and then the file name.
1.3 Q- Where can you find official Oracle documentation?
A- tahiti.oracle.com
1.4 Q- What is the address of the Official Oracle Support?
A- metalink.oracle.com or support.oracle.com
1.5 Q- What file will you use to establish Oracle connections from a remote client?
A- tnsnames.ora
1.6 Q- How can you check if the database is accepting connections?
A- lsnrctl status or lsnrctl services
1.7 Q- Which log would you check if a database has a problem?
A- Alert log
1.8 Q- Name three clients to connect with Oracle, for example, SQL Developer:
A- SQL Developer, SQL-Plus, TOAD, dbvisualizer, PL/SQL Developer… There are several, but an experienced dba should know at least three clients.
1.9 Q- How can you check the structure of a table from sqlplus?
A- DESCRIBE or DESC
1.10 Q- What command will you start to run the installation of Oracle software on Linux?
A- runInstaller

2. Moderate (Standard knoledge for a daily-work of every DBA. He could fail one or two questions, but not more)

2.1 Q- What should you do if you encounter an ORA-600?
A- Contact Oracle Support
2.2 Q- Explain the differences between PFILE and SPFILE
A- PFILE is a Static, text file that initialices the database parameter in the moment that it’s started. If you want to modify parameters in PFILE, you have to restart the database.
SPFILE is a dynamic, binary file that allows you to overwrite parameters while the database is already started (with some exceptions)
2.3 Q- In which Oracle version was Data Pump introduced?
A- Oracle 10g
2.4 Q- Say two examples of DML, two of DCL and two of DDL
A- DML: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, MERGE, CALL, EXPLAIN PLAN, LOCK TABLE
DDL: CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, COMMENT, RENAME
DCL: GRANT, REVOKE
2.5 Q- You want to save the output of an Oracle script from sqlplus. How would you do it?
A- spool script_name.txt
select * from your_oracle_operations;
spool off;
2.6 Q- What is the most important requirement in order to use RMAN to make consistent hot backups?
A- Your database has to be in ARCHIVELOG mode.
2.7 Q- Can you connect to a local database without a listener?
A- Yes, you can.
2.8 Q- In which view can you find information about every view and table of oracle dictionary?
A- DICT or DICTIONARY
2.9 Q- How can you view all the users account in the database?
A- SELECT USERNAME FROM DBA_USERS;
2.10 Q- In linux, how can we change which databases are started during a reboot?
A- Edit /etc/oratab

3. Advanced (A 3+ year experienced DBA should have enough knowledge to answer these questions. However, depending on the work he has done, he could still fail up to 4 questions)

3.1 Q- When a user process fails, what Oracle background process will clean after it?
A- PMON
3.2 Q- How can you reduce the space of TEMP datafile?
A- Prior to Oracle 11g, you had to recreate the datafile. In Oracle 11g a new feature was introduced, and you can shrink the TEMP tablespace.
3.3 Q- How can you view all the current users connected in your database in this moment?
A- SELECT COUNT(*),USERNAME FROM V$SESSION GROUP BY USERNAME;
3.4 Q- Explain the differences between SHUTDOWN, SHUTDOWN NORMAL, SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE AND SHUTDOWN ABORT
A- SHUTOWN NORMAL = SHUTDOWN : It waits for all sessions to end, without allowing new connections.
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE : Rollback current transactions and terminates every session.
SHUTDOWN ABORT : Aborts all the sessions, leaving the database in an inconsistent state. It’s the fastest method, but can lead to database corruption.
3.5 Q- Is it possible to backup your database without the use of an RMAN database to store the catalog?
A- Yes, but the catalog would be stored in the controlfile.
3.6 Q- Which are the main components of Oracle Grid Control?
A- OMR (Oracle Management Repository), OMS (Oracle Management Server) and OMA (Oracle Management Agent).
3.7 Q- What command will you use to navigate through ASM files?
A- asmcmd
3.8 Q- What is the difference between a view and a materialized view?
A- A view is a select that is executed each time an user accesses to it. A materialized view stores the result of this query in memory for faster access purposes.
3.9 Q- Which one is faster: DELETE or TRUNCATE?
A- TRUNCATE
3.10 Q- Are passwords in oracle case sensitive?
A- Only since Oracle 11g.

4. RAC (Only intended for RAC-specific DBAs, with varied difficultied questions)

4.1 Q- What is the recommended method to make backups of a RAC environment?
A- RMAN to make backups of the database, dd to backup your voting disk and hard copies of the OCR file.
4.2 Q- What command would you use to check the availability of the RAC system?
A- crs_stat -t -v (-t -v are optional)
4.3 Q- What is the minimum number of instances you need to have in order to create a RAC?
A- 1. You can create a RAC with just one server.
4.4 Q- Name two specific RAC background processes
A- RAC processes are: LMON, LMDx, LMSn, LKCx and DIAG.
4.5 Q- Can you have many database versions in the same RAC?
A- Yes, but Clusterware version must be greater than the greater database version.
4.6 Q- What was RAC previous name before it was called RAC?
A- OPS: Oracle Parallel Server
4.7 Q- What RAC component is used for communication between instances?
A- Private Interconnect.
4.8 Q- What is the difference between normal views and RAC views?
A- RAC views has the prefix ‘G’. For example, GV$SESSION instead of V$SESSION
4.9 Q- Which command will we use to manage (stop, start…) RAC services in command-line mode?
A- srvctl
4.10 Q- How many alert logs exist in a RAC environment?
A- One for each instance.

5. Master (A 3+ year experienced DBA would probably fail these questions, they are very specifid and specially difficult. Be glad if he’s able to answer some of them)

5.1 Q- How can you difference a usual parameter and an undocumented parameter?
A- Undocumented parameters have the prefix ‘_’. For example, _allow_resetlogs_corruption
5.2 Q- What is BBED?
A- An undocumented Oracle tool used for foresnic purposes. Stans for Block Browser and EDitor.
5.3 Q- The result of the logical comparison (NULL = NULL) will be… And in the case of (NULL != NULL)
A- False in both cases.
5.4 Q- Explain Oracle memory structure
The Oracle RDBMS creates and uses storage on the computer hard disk and in random access memory (RAM). The portion in the computer s RAM is called memory structure. Oracle has two memory structures in the computer s RAM. The two structures are the Program Global Area (PGA) and the System Global Area (SGA).

The PGA contains data and control information for a single user process. The SGA is the memory segment that stores data that the user has retrieved from the database or data that the user wants to place into the database.
5.5 Q- Will RMAN take backups of read-only tablespaces?
A- No
5.6 Q- Will a user be able to modify a table with SELECT only privilege?
A- He won’t be able to UPDATE/INSERT into that table, but for some reason, he will still be able to lock a certain table.
5.7 Q- What Oracle tool will you use to transform datafiles into text files?
A- Trick question: you can’t do that, at least with any Oracle tool. A very experienced DBA should perfectly know this.
5.8 Q- SQL> SELECT * FROM MY_SCHEMA.MY_TABLE;
SP2-0678: Column or attribute type can not be displayed by SQL*Plus
Why I’m getting this error?
A- The table has a BLOB column.
5.9 Q- What parameter will you use to force the starting of your database with a corrupted resetlog?
A- _ALLOW_RESETLOGS_CORRUPTION
5.10 Q- Name the seven types of Oracle tables
A- Heap Organized Tables, Index Organized Tables, Index Clustered Tables, Hash Clustered Tables, Nested Tables, Global Temporary Tables, Object Tables.

====================================================================================

1. How many memory layers are in the shared pool?

The shared pool portion of the SGA contains three major areas: library cache, dictionary cache, buffers for parallel execution messages, and control structures

2. How do you find out from the RMAN catalog if a particular archive log has been backed-up?

1) backup set
RMAN> list archivelog all;
RMAN> list archivelog from ... until ...;
e.g
RMAN> list archivelog from time 'sysdate-1';
2)backup
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
RMAN> list backup of archivelog FROM SEQUENCE ... UNTIL SEQUENCE ...;
e.g
RMAN> list backup of archivelog FROM SEQUENCE 1437 UNTIL SEQUENCE 1437;

3. How can you tell how much space is left on a given file system and how much space each of the file system's subdirectories take-up?

df -k in Solaris

4. Define the SGA and:
• How you would configure SGA for a mid-sized OLTP environment?

use proper log buffer normally 512k/1m.
use proper shared pool size normally 150m-200m.
if not use java, set java_pool_size to 0.
if not use rman/mts/parallel set large_pool_size to minimize, normally 8m.
the other memory set to buffer cache, the method is below.
• What is involved in tuning the SGA?

put different data into different buffer pools,small frequently used tables put into keep pool. large seldom used tables put into recycle pool. others mainly put into default pool. if some table physical reads is enomous, then consider to put some segments(index/data) into keep pool. if possible use 40%-60% of memory for buffer cache.

5. What is the cache hit ratio, what impact does it have on performance of an Oracle database and what is involved in tuning it?

cache hit ratio = 1 - physical reads/(consistents gets + db block gets)
consistents gets refers to select query or none dml part of a dml statement.
db blocks gets refers to blocks that have be modified/created.
phisical reads refers to blocks that reads directly from disks.
logical reads are blocks that directly read from memory.
if this ratio is too small, may the system have too much disk reads, we should consider to tune the memory usage, and try to tune the sql statements with so much disk reads.
but now we prefer to use the wait events to tune the system. I prefer to use top 5/10 events togather with top 5/10 logical/disk reads to tune the system.
bad sql is the cause 90% system problems .

6. Other than making use of the statspack utility, what would you check when you are monitoring or running a health check on an Oracle 8i or 9i database?

1).tablespace usage: dba_free_space
2).invalidate objects/indexes: dba_objects/dba_indexes
3).top large data segments/top large index segment: dba_segments
4).active transaction list: v$transaction
5).active session list: v$session.active
6).active lock list: v$lock
7).session distribution between machines/applications: v$session group by machine,owner,logon_time
8).system resource usage: v$resource_usage

7. How do you tell what your machine name is and what is its IP address?
hostname
ifconfig -a

8. How would you go about verifying the network name that the local_listener is currently using?
tnsping network_name;
ping ip_address.
sqlplus user/pass@network_name

9. You have 4 instances running on the same UNIX box. How can you determine which shared memory and semaphores are associated with which instance?

ipcs
ps –ef

10. What view(s) do you use to associate a user's SQLPLUS session with his o/s process?
v$process.addr = v$session.paddr

11. What is the recommended interval at which to run statspack snapshots, and why?
15-30 minutes at busy time. the statistics can show the shot of the system. and also will not be wipe out by useless information of the system.
Don Burlson says "The trick is to find the balance between too often and not often enough. For most reactive tuning situations, snapshots taken at intervals from five to fifteen minutes apart will provide a reasonable amount of data to make a good start on tuning."

12. What spfile/init.ora file parameter exists to force the CBO to make the execution path of a given statement use an index, even if the index scan may appear to be calculated as more costly?

Two parameters will make CBO to "re-calculate" the cost of indexing, so that Index looks like a "cheaper" path.
1)optimizer_index_cost_adj
The default value of 100 means that an index access to a table is just as expensive as a full table scan. On most systems, the default value of 100 should be lowered.
e.g A value of 10 means that the cost of an index access path is one-tenth the normal cost of an index access path.
2)optimizer_index_caching
This value is a percentage that indicates how many blocks are found in the buffer cache when an index is read. This value is only for index blocks, not for blocks in the table that the index points to. On most systems, the default value of 0 is too low and should be altered.

13. Assuming today is Monday, how would you use the DBMS_JOB package to schedule the execution of a given procedure owned by SCOTT to start Wednesday at 9AM and to run subsequently every other day at 2AM.

$ conn scott/tiger
SQL> var job_no number
SQL> dbms_job.submit(:job_no,trunc(sysdate+3+9/24),'trunc(sysdate+1) + 2/24');

14. How would you edit your CRONTAB to schedule the running of /test/test.sh to run every other day at 2PM?
$ crontab -e
0 14 */2 * * /test/test.sh >/tmp/test.log 2>&1

15. What do the 9i dbms_standard.sql_txt() and dbms_standard.sql_text() procedures do?
DBMS_STANDARD package provides language facilities that help your application interact with Oracle.

Function sql_txt (sql_text out ora_name_list_t) return binary_integer;

16. In which dictionary table or view would you look to determine at which time a snapshot or MVIEW last successfully refreshed?
dba_mviews/user_mviews
dba_jobs/user_jobs.(refer to the specified mview).

17. How would you best determine why your MVIEW couldn't FAST REFRESH?

1) is there any mview log.
2) is therer any primary key exists.

18. How does propagation differ between Advanced Replication and Snapshot Replication (readonly)?
Advanced Replication can have multiple master sites i.e. you can update at any master site, while snapshot replication only has 1 update site.

19. Which dictionary view(s) would you first look at to understand or get a high-level idea of a given Advanced Replication environment?
dba_repcatlog ; dba_repsites_new ; dba_repextensions

20. How would you begin to troubleshoot an ORA-3113 error?

1) is the network has some problem.
2) is the db has some problem.
3) has somebody killed the session.

21. Which dictionary tables and/or views would you look at to diagnose a locking issue?
sys.v_$lock, sys.v_$session sys.obj$ , sys.user$ ,
sys.v_$process

22. An automatic job running via DBMS_JOB has failed. Knowing only that "it's failed", how do you approach troubleshooting this issue?

1) check the error no with alert$ORACLE_SID.log. or jobq trace file.
2) check job parameters.

23. How would you extract DDL of a table without using a GUI tool?

exp rows=n
imp indexfile=aaa.sql

24. You're getting high "busy buffer waits" - how can you find what's causing it?

1) find the hot block. with the v$session_wait/trace file/v$bh
2) find the main sql statement .
3) tune it.

25. What query tells you how much space a tablespace named "test" is taking up, and how much space is remaining?
dba_free_spaces / dba_extents

26. Database is hung. Old and new user connections alike hang on impact. What do you do? Your SYS SQLPLUS session IS able to connect.

1) .first view active sessions. and v$session_wait .
2). see the uptime and top processes of the system.
3). analyze the main reason. and tune it.

27. Database crashes. Corruption is found scattered among the file system neither of your doing nor of Oracle's. What database recovery options are available? Database is in archive log mode.
instance recovery

28. Illustrate how to determine the amount of physical CPUs a Unix Box possesses (LINUX and/or Solaris).

Linux:
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
# top

Solaris:
#mpstat -a
#psrinfo -v
#prstat –a

29. How do you increase the OS limitation for open files (LINUX and/or Solaris)?
On solaris, use "ulimit"
e.g
# ulimit -n 8192
And verify this limit by using the following command:
# ulimit –a

On Linux, use "sysctl"
e.g
% cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max
8192
The current limit shown is 8192. To increase it to 65535 (as root):
# echo "65535" > /proc/sys/fs/file-max
If you want this new value to survive across reboots you can add it to /etc/sysctl.conf o specify the maximum number of open files permited:
fs.file-max = 65535
To load new values from the sysctl.conf file:
% sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

30. Provide an example of a shell script which logs into SQLPLUS as SYS, determines the current date, changes the date format to include minutes & seconds, issues a drop table command, displays the date again, and finally exits.

sqlplus /nolog <<_END_
connect / as sysdba
alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
select sysdate from dual;
set time on timing on
drop table table_name;
select sysdate from dual;
exit;
_END_

31. Explain how you would restore a database using RMAN to Point in Time?
restore database until time '2006-08-18 00:00:00';

32. How does Oracle guarantee data integrity of data changes?

use constraints / isolation level

33. Which environment variables are absolutely critical in order to run the OUI?

DISPLAY

34. What SQL query from v$session can you run to show how many sessions are logged in as a particular user account?
select count(*) from v$session where username = '<USERNAME>';

35. Why does Oracle not permit the use of PCTUSED with indexes?

Hence, an Oracle index block may contain two types of pointers:
1 – Pointers to other index nodes (data blocks)
2 – ROWID pointers to specific table rows
Oracle manages the allocation of pointers within index blocks, and this is the reason why we are unable to specify a PCTUSED value (the freelist re-link threshold) for indexes."

36. What would you use to improve performance on an insert statement that places millions of rows into that table?

1) at idle time.
2) direct insert /*+append*/
3) if possible nologging
4) if possible parallel
5) if possible disable constraints(foreign key/primary key)
6) if possible disable index.

37. What would you do with an "in-doubt" distributed transaction?
rollback force LOCAL_TRAN_ID;

38. What are the commands you'd issue to show the explain plan for "select * from dual"?

SQL> explain plan for select * from dual;
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlxplp.sql
SQL> select * from (dbms_xplan.display)

39. In what script is "snap$" created? In what script is the "scott/tiger" schema created?

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/sql.bsq
SQL> @?/sqlplus/demo/demobld.sql

40. If you're unsure in which script a sys or system-owned object is created, but you know it's in a script from a specific directory, what UNIX command from that directory structure can you run to find your answer?

$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/
$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
use 'grep' command to search for this script. correct?
e.g #grep 'abc' *.sql

41. How would you configure your networking files to connect to a database by the name of DSS which resides in domain icallinc.com?

When entering username/password@SID, Oracle stops by the sqlnet.ora file to pick up the NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN value,
in 'tnsnames.ora'
(SERVICE_NAME = DSS)
in 'sqlnet.ora'
NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN= icallinc.com

42. You create a private database link and upon connection,
fails with: ORA-2085: connects to .
What is the problem? How would you go about resolving this error?
This happens after the DB_NAME of the database was changed (as in note# 15390.1 ie re-create controfile with set database option etc ...).After This, the NAME column value is the new DB_NAME in V$DATABASE. The problem comes from the PROPS$ where GLOBAL_DB_NAME is still the old database name. So the WA is to execute the ALTER DATABASE RENAME GLOBAL_NAME (global_name=false is not a WA if global_naming is required).

43. I have my backup RMAN script called "backup_rman.sh". I am on the target database. My catalog username/password is rman/rman. My catalog db is called rman. How would you run this shell script from the O/S such that it would run as a background process?

rman target / catalog rman/rman <<_END_
rman script here.
_END_
$ nohup shell_script &

44. Explain the concept of the DUAL table.
a table with only one row and one column. to help show expressions internally in oracle.

45. What are the ways tablespaces can be managed and how do they differ?

dmt: dictionary managed tablespace (permenent tablespace/temprary tablespace).
uniform sized extents,freelist managed space allocation,permenent tablespace,temporary tablespace datafile
lmt: local managed tablespaces.
system managed extents,bitmap managed space allocation,temporary tablespace tempfile,undo tablespace

46. From the database level, how can you tell under which time zone a database is operating?
select dbtimezone from dual;

47. What's the benefit of "dbms_stats" over "analyze"?

you can import/export/set statistics directly with dbms_stats
it is easier to automate with dbms_stats (it is procedural, analyze is just a command)
dbms_stats is the stated, preferred method of collecting statisttics.
dbms_stats can analyze external tables, analyze cannot.
DBMS_STATS gathers statistics only for cost-based optimization; it does not gather other statistics. For example, the table statistics gathered by DBMS_STATS include the number of rows, number of blocks currently containing data, and average row length but not the number of chained rows, average free space, or number of unused data blocks.
dbms_stats (in 9i) can gather system stats (new)

ANALYZE calculates global statistics for partitioned tables and indexes instead of gathering them directly. This can lead to inaccuracies for some statistics,such as the number of distinct values. DBMS_Stats won't do that.
Most importantly, in the future, ANALYZE will not collect statistics needed by the cost-based optimizer.

48. Typically, where is the conventional directory structure chosen for Oracle binaries to reside?
$ORACLE_HOME/bin

49. You have found corruption in a tablespace that contains static tables that are part of a database that is in NOARCHIVE log mode. How would you restore the tablespace without losing new data in the other tablespaces?
using IMP to import

50. How do you recover a datafile that has not been physically been backed up since its creation and has been deleted. Provide syntax example.

alter database create datafile 'file_path' as 'file_path';
recover datafile;

参考：http://marioalcaide.wordpress.com/2011/02/09/3years-interview-questions/

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