博客园_中尉

攀钢项目结题

2011-12-13T15:27:00Z

恍惚间，一年已过，回首过去的“项目岁月”，劳累的感觉中夹杂着少许的欣慰。哈哈，项目结题了，如释负重的感觉很爽。在此记录下项目的点滴。以便未来的某日还能记起曾经这个项目。

2010年11月份开始介入项目组，之前因烟宝项目需要未能及时介入。（插曲:期间离职一月有余，因新单位和自己预想差距过大，加上原公司负责人，项目经理的多方劝说，做了坏马，吃了回头草。）此项目之前由IBM负责规划，咨询等事务。鉴于项目时间短，任务重的客观事实，项目组成员在本部只经历三次简单的案例培训后，就全员奔赴成都，开始战斗。。。个人因其他项目协助需要等原因，于2011年2月正式进驻成都，担负项目组现场技术支持一职，并负责一个较小的模块设计工作。就目前来说，个人认为自己很好的完成了职务职责，当然也得到了项目组的认可。

项目期初是相当艰苦的，一周六天，一天12小时正常作业，因本人进驻不久接手服务器保驾工作，下班时间更是推迟，一般都在凌晨1时半左右回酒店休息，期间还有不时分类收集项目技术问题，写案例代码，规范成员作业，甚是辛苦啊。就这样的连续作业到4月初，4月中旬，根据进度安排，全体战队转战攀枝花现场，做上线前测试，并配合制造基地改造测试工作。此时，最苦最累的不是工作之事，而是那个叫人难以下咽的盒饭。哎，在此强烈鄙视，抗议攀钢后勤保障工作的同志。因在攀枝花入住川惠酒店，离办公场所较远，公司安排了几部车接送上下班，甚是感谢司机同志们，辛苦了。没你们，我们会更苦。累归累，苦归苦，工作进展还是很顺利的，期间，部门项目总监陪住大家好一段时间，部门经理也几次亲临现场，看望大家。并给予了大家“精神”上的强力支持。

不久后，再次转战成都。作息时间较之前有所轻松。但工作量依旧如从前。。。继续战斗着。。。继续着攀钢食堂提供的成都特色饭菜。没有记录错误的话，项目组成员几乎都病过，打破了之前自己参与的项目战队记录。10月中旬再次转战西昌，做现场测试，培训。不变的还是吃着成都特色的饭菜。一月有余后，回到成都直至今日。总体工作基本结束，运维事务也已分步移交攀信同志担当，我方仅承接重大变更事宜。项目组成员也以分批回到本部，目前连在下在内还有6人留守备勤。

总的来说，本次项目开展较为顺利，只是迫于非常规事务安排，大家很是辛苦。从公司角度说，这是一个神奇的项目组。完成了一项神奇的任务。

胡言乱语的记录，只是记录，不承载其它。

本文链接

VB.NET and C# Comparison

2011-10-19T01:04:00Z

VB.NET and C# Comparison
This is a quick reference guide to highlight some key syntactical differences between VB.NET and C#. Hope you find this useful!
Thank you to Tom Shelton, Fergus Cooney, Steven Swafford, Gjuro Kladaric, and others for your contributions.

VB.NET

Program Structure

Imports System

Namespace Hello
   Class HelloWorld
      Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
         Dim name As String = "VB.NET"

         'See if an argument was passed from the command line
         If args.Length = 1 Then name = args(0)

          Console.WriteLine("Hello, " & name & "!")
      End Sub
   End Class
End Namespace

using System;

namespace Hello {
   public class HelloWorld {
      public static void Main(string[] args) {
         string name = "C#";

         // See if an argument was passed from the command line
         if (args.Length == 1)
            name = args[0];

         Console.WriteLine("Hello, " + name + "!");
      }
   }
}

VB.NET

Comments

' Single line only
REM Single line only
''' <summary>XML comments</summary>

// Single line
/* Multiple
line */
/// <summary>XML comments on single line</summary>
/** <summary>XML comments on multiple lines</summary> */

VB.NET

Data Types

Value Types
Boolean
Byte, SByte
Char
Short, UShort, Integer, UInteger, Long, ULong
Single, Double
Decimal
Date (alias of System.DateTime)

Reference Types
Object
String

Initializing
Dim correct As Boolean = True
Dim b As Byte = &H2A 'hex or &O52 for octal
Dim person As Object = Nothing
Dim name As String = "Dwight"
Dim grade As Char = "B"c
Dim today As Date = #12/31/2010 12:15:00 PM#
Dim amount As Decimal = 35.99@
Dim gpa As Single = 2.9!
Dim pi As Double = 3.14159265
Dim lTotal As Long = 123456L
Dim sTotal As Short = 123S
Dim usTotal As UShort = 123US
Dim uiTotal As UInteger = 123UI
Dim ulTotal As ULong = 123UL

Implicitly Typed Local Variables
Dim s = "Hello!"
Dim nums = New Integer() {1, 2, 3}
Dim hero = New SuperHero With {.Name = "Batman"}

Type Information
Dim x As Integer
Console.WriteLine(x.GetType()) ' Prints System.Int32
Console.WriteLine(GetType(Integer)) ' Prints System.Int32
Console.WriteLine(TypeName(x)) ' Prints Integer

Dim c as New Circle
If TypeOf c Is Shape Then _
Console.WriteLine("c is a Shape")

Type Conversion / Casting
Dim d As Single = 3.5
Dim i As Integer = CType(d, Integer) ' set to 4 (Banker's rounding)
i = CInt(d) ' same result as CType
i = Int(d) ' set to 3 (Int function truncates the decimal)

Dim o As Object = 2
i = DirectCast(o, Integer) ' Throws InvalidCastException if type cast fails

Dim s As New Shape
Dim c As Circle = TryCast(s, Circle) ' Returns Nothing if type cast fails

Value Types
bool
byte, sbyte
char
short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong
float, double
decimal
DateTime (not a built-in C# type)

Reference Types
object
string

Initializing
bool correct = true;
byte b = 0x2A; // hex
object person = null;
string name = "Dwight";
char grade = 'B';
DateTime today = DateTime.Parse("12/31/2010 12:15:00 PM");
decimal amount = 35.99m;
float gpa = 2.9f;
double pi = 3.14159265;
long lTotal = 123456L;
short sTotal = 123;
ushort usTotal = 123;
uint uiTotal = 123;
ulong ulTotal = 123;

Implicitly Typed Local Variables
var s = "Hello!";
var nums = new int[] { 1, 2, 3 };
var hero = new SuperHero() { Name = "Batman" };

Type Information
int x;
Console.WriteLine(x.GetType()); // Prints System.Int32
Console.WriteLine(typeof(int)); // Prints System.Int32
Console.WriteLine(x.GetType().Name); // prints Int32

Circle c = new Circle();
if (c is Shape)
Console.WriteLine("c is a Shape");

Type Conversion / Casting
float d = 3.5f;
i = Convert.ToInt32(d); // Set to 4 (rounds)
int i = (int)d; // set to 3 (truncates decimal)

object o = 2;
int i = (int)o; // Throws InvalidCastException if type cast fails

Shape s = new Shape();
Circle c = s as Circle; // Returns null if type cast fails

VB.NET

Constants

Const MAX_STUDENTS As Integer = 25

' Can set to a const or var; may be initialized in a constructor
ReadOnly MIN_DIAMETER As Single = 4.93

const int MAX_STUDENTS = 25;

// Can set to a const or var; may be initialized in a constructor
readonly float MIN_DIAMETER = 4.93f;

VB.NET

Enumerations

Enum Action
Start
[Stop]   ' Stop is a reserved word
Rewind
Forward
End Enum

Enum Status
Flunk = 50
Pass = 70
Excel = 90
End Enum

Dim a As Action = Action.Stop
If a <> Action.Start Then _
Console.WriteLine(a.ToString & " is " & a)   ' Prints "Stop is 1"

Console.WriteLine(Status.Pass)    ' Prints 70
Console.WriteLine(Status.Pass.ToString())    ' Prints Pass

enum Action {Start, Stop, Rewind, Forward};
enum Status {Flunk = 50, Pass = 70, Excel = 90};

Action a = Action.Stop;
if (a != Action.Start)
Console.WriteLine(a + " is " + (int) a); // Prints "Stop is 1"

Console.WriteLine((int) Status.Pass); // Prints 70
Console.WriteLine(Status.Pass); // Prints Pass

VB.NET

Operators

Comparison
= < > <= >= <>

Arithmetic
+ - * /
Mod
\ (integer division)
^ (raise to a power)

Assignment
= += -= *= /= \= ^= <<= >>= &=

Bitwise
And Or Xor Not << >>

Logical
AndAlso OrElse And Or Xor Not

Note: AndAlso and OrElse perform short-circuit logical evaluations

String Concatenation
&

Comparison
== < > <= >= !=

Arithmetic
+ - * /
% (mod)
/ (integer division if both operands are ints)
Math.Pow(x, y)

Assignment
= += -= *= /= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>= ++ --

Bitwise
& | ^ ~ << >>

Logical
&& || & | ^ !

Note: && and || perform short-circuit logical evaluations

String Concatenation
+

VB.NET

Choices

' Ternary/Conditional operator (IIf evaluates 2nd and 3rd expressions)
greeting = If(age < 20, "What's up?", "Hello")

' One line doesn't require "End If"
If age < 20 Then greeting = "What's up?"
If age < 20 Then greeting = "What's up?" Else greeting = "Hello"

' Use : to put two commands on same line
If x <> 100 AndAlso y < 5 Then x *= 5 : y *= 2

' Preferred
If x <> 100 AndAlso y < 5 Then
x *= 5
y *= 2
End If

' Use _ to break up long single line or use implicit line break
If whenYouHaveAReally < longLine And
itNeedsToBeBrokenInto2 > Lines Then _
UseTheUnderscore(charToBreakItUp)

'If x > 5 Then
x *= y
ElseIf x = 5 OrElse y Mod 2 = 0 Then
x += y
ElseIf x < 10 Then
x -= y
Else
x /= y
End If

Select Case color   ' Must be a primitive data type
Case "pink", "red"
    r += 1
Case "blue"
    b += 1
Case "green"
    g += 1
Case Else
    other += 1
End Select

// Ternary/Conditional operator
greeting = age < 20 ? "What's up?" : "Hello";

if (age < 20)
greeting = "What's up?";
else
greeting = "Hello";

// Multiple statements must be enclosed in {}
if (x != 100 && y < 5) {
x *= 5;
y *= 2;
}

No need for _ or : since ; is used to terminate each statement.

if (x > 5)
x *= y;
else if (x == 5 || y % 2 == 0)
x += y;
else if (x < 10)
x -= y;
else
x /= y;

// Every case must end with break or goto case
switch (color) {                          // Must be integer or string
case "pink":
case "red":    r++;    break;
case "blue":   b++;   break;
case "green": g++;   break;
default:    other++;   break;       // break necessary on default
}

VB.NET

Loops

Pre-test Loops:
While c < 10 c += 1 End While	Do Until c = 10 c += 1 Loop
Do While c < 10 c += 1 Loop	For c = 2 To 10 Step 2 Console.WriteLine(c) Next
Post-test Loops:
Do c += 1 Loop While c < 10	Do c += 1 Loop Until c = 10

' Array or collection looping
Dim names As String() = {"Fred", "Sue", "Barney"}
For Each s As String In names
Console.WriteLine(s)
Next

' Breaking out of loops
Dim i As Integer = 0
While (True)
If (i = 5) Then Exit While
i += 1
End While

' Continue to next iteration
For i = 0 To 4
If i < 4 Then Continue For
Console.WriteLine(i) ' Only prints 4
Next

Pre-test Loops:

// no "until" keyword
while (c < 10)
c++;

for (c = 2; c <= 10; c += 2)
Console.WriteLine(c);

Post-test Loop:

do
c++;
while (c < 10);

// Array or collection looping
string[] names = {"Fred", "Sue", "Barney"};
foreach (string s in names)
Console.WriteLine(s);

// Breaking out of loops
int i = 0;
while (true) {
if (i == 5)
break;
i++;
}

// Continue to next iteration
for (i = 0; i <= 4; i++) {
if (i < 4)
continue;
Console.WriteLine(i); // Only prints 4
}

VB.NET

Arrays

Dim nums() As Integer = {1, 2, 3}
For i As Integer = 0 To nums.Length - 1
Console.WriteLine(nums(i))
Next

' 4 is the index of the last element, so it holds 5 elements
Dim names(4) As String
names(0) = "David"
names(5) = "Bobby" ' Throws System.IndexOutOfRangeException

' Resize the array, keeping the existing values (Preserve is optional)
ReDim Preserve names(6)

Dim twoD(rows-1, cols-1) As Single
twoD(2, 0) = 4.5

Dim jagged()() As Integer = { _
New Integer(4) {}, New Integer(1) {}, New Integer(2) {} }
jagged(0)(4) = 5

int[] nums = {1, 2, 3};
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
Console.WriteLine(nums[i]);

// 5 is the size of the array
string[] names = new string[5];
names[0] = "David";
names[5] = "Bobby"; // Throws System.IndexOutOfRangeException

// Add two elements, keeping the existing values
Array.Resize(ref names, 7);

float[,] twoD = new float[rows, cols];
twoD[2,0] = 4.5f;

int[][] jagged = new int[3][] {
new int[5], new int[2], new int[3] };
jagged[0][4] = 5;

VB.NET

Functions

' Pass by value (in, default), reference (in/out), and reference (out)
Sub TestFunc(ByVal x As Integer, ByRef y As Integer, ByRef z As Integer)
x += 1
y += 1
z = 5
End Sub

Dim a = 1, b = 1, c As Integer ' c set to zero by default
TestFunc(a, b, c)
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", a, b, c) ' 1 2 5

' Accept variable number of arguments
Function Sum(ByVal ParamArray nums As Integer()) As Integer
Sum = 0
For Each i As Integer In nums
    Sum += i
Next
End Function   ' Or use Return statement like C#

Dim total As Integer = Sum(4, 3, 2, 1)   ' returns 10

' Optional parameters must be listed last and must have a default value
Sub SayHello(ByVal name As String, Optional ByVal prefix As String = "")
Console.WriteLine("Greetings, " & prefix & " " & name)
End Sub

SayHello("Strangelove", "Dr.")
SayHello("Mom")

// Pass by value (in, default), reference (in/out), and reference (out)
void TestFunc(int x, ref int y, out int z) {
x++;
y++;
z = 5;
}

int a = 1, b = 1, c; // c doesn't need initializing
TestFunc(a, ref b, out c);
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", a, b, c); // 1 2 5

// Accept variable number of arguments
int Sum(params int[] nums) {
int sum = 0;
foreach (int i in nums)
sum += i;
return sum;
}

int total = Sum(4, 3, 2, 1); // returns 10

/* C# 4.0 supports optional parameters. Previous versions required function overloading. */
void SayHello(string name, string prefix = "") {
Console.WriteLine("Greetings, " + prefix + " " + name);
}

SayHello("Strangelove", "Dr.");
SayHello("Mom");

VB.NET

Strings

Special character constants (all also accessible from ControlChars class)
vbCrLf, vbCr, vbLf, vbNewLine
vbNullString
vbTab
vbBack
vbFormFeed
vbVerticalTab
""

' String concatenation (use & or +)
Dim school As String = "Harding" & vbTab
school = school & "University" ' school is "Harding (tab) University"

' Chars
Dim letter As Char = school.Chars(0)   ' letter is H
letter = "Z"c ' letter is Z
letter = Convert.ToChar(65)               ' letter is A
letter = Chr(65)                                 ' same thing
Dim word() As Char = school.ToCharArray() ' word holds Harding

' No string literal operator
Dim msg As String = "File is c:\temp\x.dat"

' String comparison
Dim mascot As String = "Bisons"
If (mascot = "Bisons") Then ' true
If (mascot.Equals("Bisons")) Then ' true
If (mascot.ToUpper().Equals("BISONS")) Then ' true
If (mascot.CompareTo("Bisons") = 0) Then ' true

' String matching with Like - Regex is more powerful
If ("John 3:16" Like "Jo[Hh]? #:*") Then 'true

' Substring
s = mascot.Substring(2, 3)) ' s is "son"

' Replacement
s = mascot.Replace("sons", "nomial")) ' s is "Binomial"

' Split
Dim names As String = "Michael,Dwight,Jim,Pam"
Dim parts() As String = names.Split(",".ToCharArray()) ' One name in each slot

' Date to string
Dim dt As New DateTime(1973, 10, 12)
Dim s As String = "My birthday: " & dt.ToString("MMM dd, yyyy") ' Oct 12, 1973

' Integer to String
Dim x As Integer = 2
Dim y As String = x.ToString() ' y is "2"

' String to Integer
Dim x As Integer = Convert.ToInt32("-5") ' x is -5

' Mutable string
Dim buffer As New System.Text.StringBuilder("two ")
buffer.Append("three ")
buffer.Insert(0, "one ")
buffer.Replace("two", "TWO")
Console.WriteLine(buffer) ' Prints "one TWO three"

Escape sequences
\r // carriage-return
\n // line-feed
\t // tab
\\ // backslash
\" // quote

// String concatenation
string school = "Harding\t";
school = school + "University"; // school is "Harding (tab) University"

// Chars
char letter = school[0];           // letter is H
letter = 'Z'; // letter is Z
letter = Convert.ToChar(65); // letter is A
letter = (char)65;                    // same thing
char[] word = school.ToCharArray();   // word holds Harding

// String literal
string msg = @"File is c:\temp\x.dat";
// same as
string msg = "File is c:\\temp\\x.dat";

// String comparison
string mascot = "Bisons";
if (mascot == "Bisons") // true
if (mascot.Equals("Bisons")) // true
if (mascot.ToUpper().Equals("BISONS")) // true
if (mascot.CompareTo("Bisons") == 0) // true

// String matching - No Like equivalent, use Regex

// Substring
s = mascot.Substring(2, 3)) // s is "son"

// Replacement
s = mascot.Replace("sons", "nomial")) // s is "Binomial"

// Split
string names = "Michael,Dwight,Jim,Pam";
string[] parts = names.Split(",".ToCharArray()); // One name in each slot

// Date to string
DateTime dt = new DateTime(1973, 10, 12);
string s = dt.ToString("MMM dd, yyyy"); // Oct 12, 1973

// int to string
int x = 2;
string y = x.ToString(); // y is "2"

// string to int
int x = Convert.ToInt32("-5"); // x is -5

// Mutable string
System.Text.StringBuilder buffer = new System.Text.StringBuilder("two ");
buffer.Append("three ");
buffer.Insert(0, "one ");
buffer.Replace("two", "TWO");
Console.WriteLine(buffer); // Prints "one TWO three"

VB.NET

Regular Expressions

Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions

' Match a string pattern
Dim r As New Regex("j[aeiou]h?. \d:*", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase Or _
RegexOptions.Compiled)
If (r.Match("John 3:16").Success) Then 'true
Console.WriteLine("Match")
End If

' Find and remember all matching patterns
Dim s As String = "My number is 305-1881, not 305-1818."
Dim r As New Regex("(\d+-\d+)")
Dim m As Match = r.Match(s) ' Matches 305-1881 and 305-1818
While m.Success
Console.WriteLine("Found number: " & m.Groups(1).Value & " at position " _
& m.Groups(1).Index.ToString)
m = m.NextMatch()
End While

' Remeber multiple parts of matched pattern
Dim r As New Regex("(\d\d):(\d\d) (am|pm)")
Dim m As Match = r.Match("We left at 03:15 pm.")
If m.Success Then
Console.WriteLine("Hour: " & m.Groups(1).ToString) ' 03
Console.WriteLine("Min: " & m.Groups(2).ToString) ' 15
Console.WriteLine("Ending: " & m.Groups(3).ToString) ' pm
End If

' Replace all occurrances of a pattern
Dim r As New Regex("h\w+?d", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase)
Dim s As String = r.Replace("I heard this was HARD!", "easy") ' I easy this was easy!

' Replace matched patterns
Dim s As String = Regex.Replace("123 < 456", "(\d+) . (\d+)", "$2 > $1") ' 456 > 123

' Split a string based on a pattern
Dim names As String = "Michael, Dwight, Jim, Pam"
Dim r As New Regex(",\s*")
Dim parts() As String = r.Split(names) ' One name in each slot

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

// Match a string pattern
Regex r = new Regex(@"j[aeiou]h?. \d:*", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase |
RegexOptions.Compiled);
if (r.Match("John 3:16").Success) // true
Console.WriteLine("Match");

// Find and remember all matching patterns
string s = "My number is 305-1881, not 305-1818.";
Regex r = new Regex("(\\d+-\\d+)");
// Matches 305-1881 and 305-1818
for (Match m = r.Match(s); m.Success; m = m.NextMatch())
Console.WriteLine("Found number: " + m.Groups[1] + " at position " +
m.Groups[1].Index);

// Remeber multiple parts of matched pattern
Regex r = new Regex("@(\d\d):(\d\d) (am|pm)");
Match m = r.Match("We left at 03:15 pm.");
if (m.Success) {
Console.WriteLine("Hour: " + m.Groups[1]); // 03
Console.WriteLine("Min: " + m.Groups[2]); // 15
Console.WriteLine("Ending: " + m.Groups[3]); // pm
}

// Replace all occurrances of a pattern
Regex r = new Regex("h\\w+?d", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
string s = r.Replace("I heard this was HARD!", "easy")); // I easy this was easy!

// Replace matched patterns
string s = Regex.Replace("123 < 456", @"(\d+) . (\d+)", "$2 > $1"); // 456 > 123

// Split a string based on a pattern
string names = "Michael, Dwight, Jim, Pam";
Regex r = new Regex(@",\s*");
string[] parts = r.Split(names); // One name in each slot

VB.NET

Exception Handling

' Throw an exception
Dim ex As New Exception("Something is really wrong.")
Throw ex

' Catch an exception
Try
y = 0
x = 10 / y
Catch ex As Exception When y = 0 ' Argument and When is optional
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
Finally
Beep()
End Try

' Deprecated unstructured error handling
On Error GoTo MyErrorHandler
...
MyErrorHandler: Console.WriteLine(Err.Description)

// Throw an exception
Exception up = new Exception("Something is really wrong.");
throw up; // ha ha

// Catch an exception
try {
y = 0;
x = 10 / y;
}
catch (Exception ex) { // Argument is optional, no "When" keyword
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
finally {
Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction.Beep();
}

VB.NET

Namespaces

Namespace Harding.Compsci.Graphics
...
End Namespace

' or

Namespace Harding
Namespace Compsci
    Namespace Graphics
      ...
    End Namespace
End Namespace
End Namespace

Imports Harding.Compsci.Graphics

namespace Harding.Compsci.Graphics {
...
}

// or

namespace Harding {
namespace Compsci {
    namespace Graphics {
      ...
    }
}
}

using Harding.Compsci.Graphics;

VB.NET

Classes / Interfaces

Access Modifiers
Public
Private
Friend
Protected
Protected Friend

Class Modifiers
MustInherit
NotInheritable

Method Modifiers
MustOverride
NotInheritable
Shared
Overridable

' All members are Shared
Module

' Partial classes
Partial Class Competition
...
End Class

' Inheritance
Class FootballGame
Inherits Competition
...
End Class

' Interface definition
Interface IAlarmClock
Sub Ring()
Property TriggerDateTime() As DateTime
End Interface

' Extending an interface
Interface IAlarmClock
Inherits IClock
...
End Interface

' Interface implementation
Class WristWatch
Implements IAlarmClock, ITimer

Public Sub Ring() Implements IAlarmClock.Ring
Console.WriteLine("Wake up!")
End Sub

Public Property TriggerDateTime As DateTime Implements IAlarmClock.TriggerDateTime
...
End Class

Access Modifiers
public
private
internal
protected
protected internal

Class Modifiers
abstract
sealed
static

Method Modifiers
abstract
sealed
static
virtual

No Module equivalent - just use static class

// Partial classes
partial class Competition {
...
}

// Inheritance
class FootballGame : Competition {
...
}

// Interface definition
interface IAlarmClock {
void Ring();
DateTime CurrentDateTime { get; set; }
}

// Extending an interface
interface IAlarmClock : IClock {
...
}

// Interface implementation
class WristWatch : IAlarmClock, ITimer {

public void Ring() {
Console.WriteLine("Wake up!");
}

public DateTime TriggerDateTime { get; set; }
...
}

VB.NET

Constructors / Destructors

Class SuperHero
Private powerLevel As Integer

Public Sub New()
    powerLevel = 0
End Sub

Public Sub New(ByVal powerLevel As Integer)
    Me.powerLevel = powerLevel
End Sub

Shared Sub New()
' Shared constructor invoked before 1st instance is created
End Sub

Protected Overrides Sub Finalize()
   ' Destructor to free unmanaged resources
    MyBase.Finalize()
End Sub
End Class

class SuperHero {
private int powerLevel;

public SuperHero() {
     powerLevel = 0;
}

public SuperHero(int powerLevel) {
    this.powerLevel = powerLevel;
}

static SuperHero() {
// Static constructor invoked before 1st instance is created
}

~SuperHero() {
    // Destructor implicitly creates a Finalize method
}
}

VB.NET

Using Objects

Dim hero As SuperHero = New SuperHero
' or
Dim hero As New SuperHero

With hero
.Name = "SpamMan"
.PowerLevel = 3
End With

hero.Defend("Laura Jones")
hero.Rest() ' Calling Shared method
' or
SuperHero.Rest()

Dim hero2 As SuperHero = hero ' Both reference the same object
hero2.Name = "WormWoman"
Console.WriteLine(hero.Name) ' Prints WormWoman

hero = Nothing ' Free the object

If hero Is Nothing Then _
hero = New SuperHero

Dim obj As Object = New SuperHero
If TypeOf obj Is SuperHero Then _
Console.WriteLine("Is a SuperHero object.")

' Mark object for quick disposal
Using reader As StreamReader = File.OpenText("test.txt")
Dim line As String = reader.ReadLine()
While Not line Is Nothing
Console.WriteLine(line)
line = reader.ReadLine()
End While
End Using

SuperHero hero = new SuperHero();

// No "With" but can use object initializers
SuperHero hero = new SuperHero() { Name = "SpamMan", PowerLevel = 3 };

hero.Defend("Laura Jones");
SuperHero.Rest(); // Calling static method

SuperHero hero2 = hero; // Both reference the same object
hero2.Name = "WormWoman";
Console.WriteLine(hero.Name); // Prints WormWoman

hero = null ; // Free the object

if (hero == null)
hero = new SuperHero();

Object obj = new SuperHero();
if (obj is SuperHero)
Console.WriteLine("Is a SuperHero object.");

// Mark object for quick disposal
using (StreamReader reader = File.OpenText("test.txt")) {
string line;
while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
Console.WriteLine(line);
}

VB.NET

Structs

Structure Student
Public name As String
Public gpa As Single

Public Sub New(ByVal name As String, ByVal gpa As Single)
Me.name = name
Me.gpa = gpa
End Sub
End Structure

Dim stu As Student = New Student("Bob", 3.5)
Dim stu2 As Student = stu

stu2.name = "Sue"
Console.WriteLine(stu.name) ' Prints Bob
Console.WriteLine(stu2.name) ' Prints Sue

struct Student {
public string name;
public float gpa;

public Student(string name, float gpa) {
this.name = name;
this.gpa = gpa;
}
}

Student stu = new Student("Bob", 3.5f);
Student stu2 = stu;

stu2.name = "Sue";
Console.WriteLine(stu.name); // Prints Bob
Console.WriteLine(stu2.name); // Prints Sue

VB.NET

Properties

' Auto-implemented properties are new to VB10
Public Property Name As String
Public Property Size As Integer = -1 ' Default value, Get and Set both Public

' Traditional property implementation
Private mName As String
Public Property Name() As String
Get
Return mName
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
mName = value
End Set
End Property

' Read-only property
Private mPowerLevel As Integer
Public ReadOnly Property PowerLevel() As Integer
Get
Return mPowerLevel
End Get
End Property

' Write-only property
Private mHeight As Double
Public WriteOnly Property Height() As Double
Set(ByVal value As Double)
mHeight = If(value < 0, mHeight = 0, mHeight = value)
End Set
End Property

// Auto-implemented properties
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Size { get; protected set; } // Set default value in constructor

// Traditional property implementation
private string name;
public string Name {
get {
return name;
}
set {
name = value;
}
}

// Read-only property
private int powerLevel;
public int PowerLevel {
get {
return powerLevel;
}
}

// Write-only property
private double height;
public double Height {
set {
height = value < 0 ? 0 : value;
}
}

VB.NET

Delegates / Events

Delegate Sub MsgArrivedEventHandler(ByVal message As String)

Event MsgArrivedEvent As MsgArrivedEventHandler

' or to define an event which declares a delegate implicitly
Event MsgArrivedEvent(ByVal message As String)

AddHandler MsgArrivedEvent, AddressOf My_MsgArrivedCallback
' Won't throw an exception if obj is Nothing
RaiseEvent MsgArrivedEvent("Test message")
RemoveHandler MsgArrivedEvent, AddressOf My_MsgArrivedCallback

Imports System.Windows.Forms

Dim WithEvents MyButton As Button ' WithEvents can't be used on local variable
MyButton = New Button

Private Sub MyButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _
ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyButton.Click
MessageBox.Show(Me, "Button was clicked", "Info", _
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information)
End Sub

delegate void MsgArrivedEventHandler(string message);

event MsgArrivedEventHandler MsgArrivedEvent;

// Delegates must be used with events in C#

MsgArrivedEvent += new MsgArrivedEventHandler(My_MsgArrivedEventCallback);
MsgArrivedEvent("Test message"); // Throws exception if obj is null
MsgArrivedEvent -= new MsgArrivedEventHandler(My_MsgArrivedEventCallback);

using System.Windows.Forms;

Button MyButton = new Button();
MyButton.Click += new System.EventHandler(MyButton_Click);

private void MyButton_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
MessageBox.Show(this, "Button was clicked", "Info",
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}

VB.NET

Generics

' Enforce accepted data type at compile-time
Dim numbers As New List(Of Integer)
numbers.Add(2)
numbers.Add(4)
DisplayList(Of Integer)(numbers)

' Subroutine can display any type of List
Sub DisplayList(Of T)(ByVal list As List(Of T))
For Each item As T In list
Console.WriteLine(item)
Next
End Sub

' Class works on any data type
Class SillyList(Of T)
Private list(10) As T
Private rand As New Random

Public Sub Add(ByVal item As T)
list(rand.Next(10)) = item
End Sub

Public Function GetItem() As T
Return list(rand.Next(10))
End Function
End Class

' Limit T to only types that implement IComparable
Function Maximum(Of T As IComparable)(ByVal ParamArray items As T()) As T
Dim max As T = items(0)
For Each item As T In items
If item.CompareTo(max) > 0 Then max = item
Next
Return max
End Function

// Enforce accepted data type at compile-time
List<int> numbers = new List<int>();
numbers.Add(2);
numbers.Add(4);
DisplayList<int>(numbers);

// Function can display any type of List
void DisplayList<T>(List<T> list) {
foreach (T item in list)
Console.WriteLine(item);
}

// Class works on any data type
class SillyList<T> {
private T[] list = new T[10];
private Random rand = new Random();

public void Add(T item) {
list[rand.Next(10)] = item;
}

public T GetItem() {
return list[rand.Next(10)];
}
}

// Limit T to only types that implement IComparable
T Maximum<T>(params T[] items) where T : IComparable<T> {
T max = items[0];
foreach (T item in items)
if (item.CompareTo(max) > 0)
max = item;
return max;
}

VB.NET

LINQ

Dim nums() As Integer = {5, 8, 2, 1, 6}

' Get all numbers in the array above 4
Dim results = From value In nums
Where value > 4
Select value

Console.WriteLine(results.Count()) ' 3
Console.WriteLine(results.First()) ' 5
Console.WriteLine(results.Last()) ' 6
Console.WriteLine(results.Average()) ' 6.33333

' Displays 5 8 6
For Each n As Integer In results
Console.Write(n & " ")
Next

results = results.Intersect({5, 6, 7}) ' 5 6
results = results.Concat({5, 1, 5}) ' 5 6 5 1 5
results = results.Distinct() ' 5 6 1

Dim Students() As Student = {
New Student With {.Name = "Bob", .GPA = 3.5},
New Student With {.Name = "Sue", .GPA = 4.0},
New Student With {.Name = "Joe", .GPA = 1.9}
}

' Get an ordered list of all students by GPA with GPA >= 3.0
Dim goodStudents = From s In Students
Where s.GPA >= 3.0
Order By s.GPA Descending
Select s

Console.WriteLine(goodStudents.First.Name) ' Sue

int[] nums = { 5, 8, 2, 1, 6 };

// Get all numbers in the array above 4
var results = from value in nums
where value > 4
select value;

Console.WriteLine(results.Count()); // 3
Console.WriteLine(results.First()); // 5
Console.WriteLine(results.Last()); // 6
Console.WriteLine(results.Average()); // 6.33333

// Displays 5 8 6
foreach (int n in results)
Console.Write(n + " ");

results = results.Intersect(new[] {5, 6, 7}); // 5 6
results = results.Concat(new[] {5, 1, 5}); // 5 6 5 1 5
results = results.Distinct(); // 5 6 1

Student[] Students = {
new Student{ Name = "Bob", GPA = 3.5 },
new Student{ Name = "Sue", GPA = 4.0 },
new Student{ Name = "Joe", GPA = 1.9 }
};

// Get an ordered list of all students by GPA with GPA >= 3.0
var goodStudents = from s in Students
where s.GPA >= 3.0
orderby s.GPA descending
select s;

Console.WriteLine(goodStudents.First().Name); // Sue

VB.NET

Console I/O

Console.Write("What's your name? ")
Dim name As String = Console.ReadLine()
Console.Write("How old are you? ")
Dim age As Integer = Val(Console.ReadLine())
Console.WriteLine("{0} is {1} years old.", name, age)
' or
Console.WriteLine(name & " is " & age & " years old.")

Dim c As Integer
c = Console.Read() ' Read single char
Console.WriteLine(c) ' Prints 65 if user enters "A"

Console.Write("What's your name? ");
string name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("How old are you? ");
int age = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
Console.WriteLine("{0} is {1} years old.", name, age);
// or
Console.WriteLine(name + " is " + age + " years old.");

int c = Console.Read(); // Read single char
Console.WriteLine(c); // Prints 65 if user enters "A"

VB.NET

File I/O

Imports System.IO

' Write out to text file
Dim writer As StreamWriter = File.CreateText("c:\myfile.txt")
writer.WriteLine("Out to file.")
writer.Close()

' Read all lines from text file
Dim reader As StreamReader = File.OpenText("c:\myfile.txt")
Dim line As String = reader.ReadLine()
While Not line Is Nothing
Console.WriteLine(line)
line = reader.ReadLine()
End While
reader.Close()

' Write out to binary file
Dim str As String = "Text data"
Dim num As Integer = 123
Dim binWriter As New BinaryWriter(File.OpenWrite("c:\myfile.dat"))
binWriter.Write(str)
binWriter.Write(num)
binWriter.Close()

' Read from binary file
Dim binReader As New BinaryReader(File.OpenRead("c:\myfile.dat"))
str = binReader.ReadString()
num = binReader.ReadInt32()
binReader.Close()

using System.IO;

// Write out to text file
StreamWriter writer = File.CreateText("c:\\myfile.txt");
writer.WriteLine("Out to file.");
writer.Close();

// Read all lines from text file
StreamReader reader = File.OpenText("c:\\myfile.txt");
string line = reader.ReadLine();
while (line != null) {
Console.WriteLine(line);
line = reader.ReadLine();
}
reader.Close();

// Write out to binary file
string str = "Text data";
int num = 123;
BinaryWriter binWriter = new BinaryWriter(File.OpenWrite("c:\\myfile.dat"));
binWriter.Write(str);
binWriter.Write(num);
binWriter.Close();

// Read from binary file
BinaryReader binReader = new BinaryReader(File.OpenRead("c:\\myfile.dat"));
str = binReader.ReadString();
num = binReader.ReadInt32();
binReader.Close();

本文链接

Java and C# Comparison

2011-10-19T01:00:00Z

Java and C# Comparison
This is a quick reference guide to highlight some key syntactical differences between Java and C#.
This is not a complete overview of either language. Hope you find this useful!

Java

Program Structure

package hello;

public class HelloWorld {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String name = "Java";

      // See if an argument was passed from the command line
      if (args.length == 1)
         name = args[0];

      System.out.println("Hello, " + name + "!");
    }
}

Java

Comments

// Single line
/* Multiple
line */
/** Javadoc documentation comments */

// Single line
/* Multiple
line */
/// XML comments on a single line
/** XML comments on multiple lines */

Java

Data Types

Primitive Types
boolean
byte
char
short, int, long
float, double

Reference Types
Object (superclass of all other classes)
String
arrays, classes, interfaces

Conversions

// int to String
int x = 123;
String y = Integer.toString(x); // y is "123"

// String to int
y = "456";
x = Integer.parseInt(y); // x is 456

// double to int
double z = 3.5;
x = (int) z; // x is 3 (truncates decimal)

Value Types
bool
byte, sbyte
char
short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong
float, double, decimal
structures, enumerations

Reference Types
object (superclass of all other classes)
string
arrays, classes, interfaces, delegates

Convertions

// int to string
int x = 123;
String y = x.ToString(); // y is "123"

// string to int
y = "456";
x = int.Parse(y); // or x = Convert.ToInt32(y);

// double to int
double z = 3.5;
x = (int) z; // x is 3 (truncates decimal)

Java

Constants

// May be initialized in a constructor
final double PI = 3.14;

const double PI = 3.14;

// Can be set to a const or a variable. May be initialized in a constructor.
readonly int MAX_HEIGHT = 9;

Java

Enumerations

enum Action {Start, Stop, Rewind, Forward};

// Special type of class
enum Status {
Flunk(50), Pass(70), Excel(90);
private final int value;
Status(int value) { this.value = value; }
public int value() { return value; }
};

Action a = Action.Stop;
if (a != Action.Start)
System.out.println(a); // Prints "Stop"

Status s = Status.Pass;
System.out.println(s.value()); // Prints "70"

enum Action {Start, Stop, Rewind, Forward};

enum Status {Flunk = 50, Pass = 70, Excel = 90};

No equivalent.

Action a = Action.Stop;
if (a != Action.Start)
Console.WriteLine(a); // Prints "Stop"

Status s = Status.Pass;
Console.WriteLine((int) s); // Prints "70"

Java

Operators

Comparison
== < > <= >= !=

Arithmetic
+ - * /
% (mod)
/ (integer division if both operands are ints)
Math.Pow(x, y)

Assignment
= += -= *= /= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>= >>>= ++ --

Bitwise
& | ^ ~ << >> >>>

Logical
&& || & | ^ !

Note: && and || perform short-circuit logical evaluations

String Concatenation
+

Comparison
== < > <= >= !=

Arithmetic
+ - * /
% (mod)
/ (integer division if both operands are ints)
Math.Pow(x, y)

Assignment
= += -= *= /= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>= ++ --

Bitwise
& | ^ ~ << >>

Logical
&& || & | ^ !

Note: && and || perform short-circuit logical evaluations

String Concatenation
+

Java

Choices

greeting = age < 20 ? "What's up?" : "Hello";

if (x < y)
System.out.println("greater");

if (x != 100) {
x *= 5;
y *= 2;
}
else
z *= 6;

int selection = 2;
switch (selection) {     // Must be byte, short, int, char, or enum
case 1: x++;            // Falls through to next case if no break
case 2: y++;   break;
case 3: z++;   break;
default: other++;
}

greeting = age < 20 ? "What's up?" : "Hello";

if (x < y)
Console.WriteLine("greater");

if (x != 100) {
x *= 5;
y *= 2;
}
else
z *= 6;

string color = "red";
switch (color) {                          // Can be any predefined type
case "red":    r++;    break;       // break is mandatory; no fall-through
case "blue":   b++;   break;
case "green": g++;   break;
default: other++;    break;       // break necessary on default
}

Java

Loops

while (i < 10)
i++;

for (i = 2; i <= 10; i += 2)
System.out.println(i);

do
i++;
while (i < 10);

for (int i : numArray) // foreach construct
sum += i;

// for loop can be used to iterate through any Collection
import java.util.ArrayList;
ArrayList<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
list.add(10); // boxing converts to instance of Integer
list.add("Bisons");
list.add(2.3); // boxing converts to instance of Double

for (Object o : list)
System.out.println(o);

while (i < 10)
i++;

for (i = 2; i <= 10; i += 2)
Console.WriteLine(i);

do
i++;
while (i < 10);

foreach (int i in numArray)
sum += i;

// foreach can be used to iterate through any collection
using System.Collections;
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
list.Add(10);
list.Add("Bisons");
list.Add(2.3);

foreach (Object o in list)
Console.WriteLine(o);

Java

Arrays

int nums[] = {1, 2, 3}; or int[] nums = {1, 2, 3};
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++)
System.out.println(nums[i]);

String names[] = new String[5];
names[0] = "David";

float twoD[][] = new float[rows][cols];
twoD[2][0] = 4.5;

int[][] jagged = new int[5][];
jagged[0] = new int[5];
jagged[1] = new int[2];
jagged[2] = new int[3];
jagged[0][4] = 5;

int[] nums = {1, 2, 3};
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++)
Console.WriteLine(nums[i]);

string[] names = new string[5];
names[0] = "David";

float[,] twoD = new float[rows, cols];
twoD[2,0] = 4.5f;

int[][] jagged = new int[3][] {
new int[5], new int[2], new int[3] };
jagged[0][4] = 5;

Java

Functions

// Return single value
int Add(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}

int sum = Add(2, 3);

// Return no value
void PrintSum(int x, int y) {
System.out.println(x + y);
}

PrintSum(2, 3);

// Primitive types and references are always passed by value
void TestFunc(int x, Point p) {
   x++;
   p.x++;       // Modifying property of the object
   p = null;    // Remove local reference to object
}

class Point {
public int x, y;
}

Point p = new Point();
p.x = 2;
int a = 1;
TestFunc(a, p);
System.out.println(a + " " + p.x + " " + (p == null) ); // 1 3 false

// Accept variable number of arguments
int Sum(int ... nums) {
int sum = 0;
for (int i : nums)
sum += i;
return sum;
}

int total = Sum(4, 3, 2, 1); // returns 10

// Return single value
int Add(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}

int sum = Add(2, 3);

// Return no value
void PrintSum(int x, int y) {
Console.WriteLine(x + y);
}

PrintSum(2, 3);

// Pass by value (default), in/out-reference (ref), and out-reference (out)
void TestFunc(int x, ref int y, out int z, Point p1, ref Point p2) {
   x++; y++; z = 5;
   p1.x++;       // Modifying property of the object
   p1 = null; // Remove local reference to object
   p2 = null;   // Free the object
}

class Point {
public int x, y;
}

Point p1 = new Point();
Point p2 = new Point();
p1.x = 2;
int a = 1, b = 1, c; // Output param doesn't need initializing
TestFunc(a, ref b, out c, p1, ref p2);
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4}",
a, b, c, p1.x, p2 == null); // 1 2 5 3 True

// Accept variable number of arguments
int Sum(params int[] nums) {
int sum = 0;
foreach (int i in nums)
sum += i;
return sum;
}

int total = Sum(4, 3, 2, 1); // returns 10

Java

Strings

// String concatenation
String school = "Harding ";
school = school + "University"; // school is "Harding University"

// String comparison
String mascot = "Bisons";
if (mascot == "Bisons")   // Not the correct way to do string comparisons
if (mascot.equals("Bisons"))   // true
if (mascot.equalsIgnoreCase("BISONS"))   // true
if (mascot.compareTo("Bisons") == 0)   // true

System.out.println(mascot.substring(2, 5)); // Prints "son"

// My birthday: Oct 12, 1973
java.util.Calendar c = new java.util.GregorianCalendar(1973, 10, 12);
String s = String.format("My birthday: %1$tb %1$te, %1$tY", c);

// Mutable string
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("two ");
buffer.append("three ");
buffer.insert(0, "one ");
buffer.replace(4, 7, "TWO");
System.out.println(buffer); // Prints "one TWO three"

// String concatenation
string school = "Harding ";
school = school + "University"; // school is "Harding University"

Console.WriteLine(mascot.Substring(2, 3)); // Prints "son"

// My birthday: Oct 12, 1973
DateTime dt = new DateTime(1973, 10, 12);
string s = "My birthday: " + dt.ToString("MMM dd, yyyy");

Java

Exception Handling

// Must be in a method that is declared to throw this exception
Exception ex = new Exception("Something is really wrong.");
throw ex;

try {
y = 0;
x = 10 / y;
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
} finally {
// Code that always gets executed
}

Exception up = new Exception("Something is really wrong.");
throw up; // ha ha

try {
y = 0;
x = 10 / y;
} catch (Exception ex) { // Variable "ex" is optional
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
} finally {
// Code that always gets executed
}

Java

Namespaces

package harding.compsci.graphics;

// Import single class
import harding.compsci.graphics.Rectangle;

// Import all classes
import harding.compsci.graphics.*;

namespace Harding.Compsci.Graphics {
...
}

namespace Harding {
namespace Compsci {
    namespace Graphics {
      ...
    }
}
}

// Import single class
using Rectangle = Harding.CompSci.Graphics.Rectangle;

// Import all class
using Harding.Compsci.Graphics;

Java

Classes / Interfaces

Accessibility keywords
public
private
protected
static

// Inheritance
class FootballGame extends Competition {
...
}

// Interface definition
interface IAlarmClock {
...
}

// Extending an interface
interface IAlarmClock extends IClock {
...
}

// Interface implementation
class WristWatch implements IAlarmClock, ITimer {
...
}

Accessibility keywords
public
private
internal
protected
protected internal
static

// Inheritance
class FootballGame : Competition {
...
}

// Interface definition
interface IAlarmClock {
...
}

// Extending an interface
interface IAlarmClock : IClock {
...
}

// Interface implementation
class WristWatch : IAlarmClock, ITimer {
...
}

Java

Constructors / Destructors

class SuperHero {
private int mPowerLevel;

public SuperHero() {
mPowerLevel = 0;
}

public SuperHero(int powerLevel) {
this.mPowerLevel= powerLevel;
}

// No destructors, just override the finalize method
protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
super.finalize(); // Always call parent's finalizer
}
}

class SuperHero {
private int mPowerLevel;

public SuperHero() {
     mPowerLevel = 0;
}

public SuperHero(int powerLevel) {
    this.mPowerLevel= powerLevel;
}

~SuperHero() {
    // Destructor code to free unmanaged resources.
    // Implicitly creates a Finalize method.
}
}

Java

Objects

SuperHero hero = new SuperHero();

hero.setName("SpamMan");
hero.setPowerLevel(3);

hero.Defend("Laura Jones");
SuperHero.Rest(); // Calling static method

SuperHero hero2 = hero; // Both refer to same object
hero2.setName("WormWoman");
System.out.println(hero.getName()); // Prints WormWoman

hero = null; // Free the object

if (hero == null)
hero = new SuperHero();

Object obj = new SuperHero();
System.out.println("object's type: " + obj.getClass().toString());
if (obj instanceof SuperHero)
System.out.println("Is a SuperHero object.");

SuperHero hero = new SuperHero();

hero.Name = "SpamMan";
hero.PowerLevel = 3;

hero.Defend("Laura Jones");
SuperHero.Rest(); // Calling static method

SuperHero hero2 = hero; // Both refer to same object
hero2.Name = "WormWoman";
Console.WriteLine(hero.Name); // Prints WormWoman

hero = null ; // Free the object

if (hero == null)
hero = new SuperHero();

Object obj = new SuperHero();
Console.WriteLine("object's type: " + obj.GetType().ToString());
if (obj is SuperHero)
Console.WriteLine("Is a SuperHero object.");

Java

Properties

private int mSize;

public int getSize() { return mSize; }
public void setSize(int value) {
if (value < 0)
mSize = 0;
else
mSize = value;
}

int s = shoe.getSize();
shoe.setSize(s+1);

private int mSize;

public int Size {
get { return mSize; }
set {
if (value < 0)
mSize = 0;
else
mSize = value;
}
}

shoe.Size++;

Java

Structs

No structs in Java.

struct StudentRecord {
public string name;
public float gpa;

public StudentRecord(string name, float gpa) {
    this.name = name;
    this.gpa = gpa;
}
}

StudentRecord stu = new StudentRecord("Bob", 3.5f);
StudentRecord stu2 = stu;

stu2.name = "Sue";
Console.WriteLine(stu.name);    // Prints "Bob"
Console.WriteLine(stu2.name);   // Prints "Sue"

Java

Console I/O

java.io.DataInput in = new java.io.DataInputStream(System.in);
System.out.print("What is your name? ");
String name = in.readLine();
System.out.print("How old are you? ");
int age = Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
System.out.println(name + " is " + age + " years old.");

int c = System.in.read(); // Read single char
System.out.println(c); // Prints 65 if user enters "A"

// The studio costs $499.00 for 3 months.
System.out.printf("The %s costs $%.2f for %d months.%n", "studio", 499.0, 3);

// Today is 06/25/04
System.out.printf("Today is %tD\n", new java.util.Date());

int c = Console.Read(); // Read single char
Console.WriteLine(c); // Prints 65 if user enters "A"

// The studio costs $499.00 for 3 months.
Console.WriteLine("The {0} costs {1:C} for {2} months.\n", "studio", 499.0, 3);

// Today is 06/25/2004
Console.WriteLine("Today is " + DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString());

Java

File I/O

import java.io.*;

// Character stream writing
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("c:\\myfile.txt");
writer.write("Out to file.\n");
writer.close();

// Character stream reading
FileReader reader = new FileReader("c:\\myfile.txt");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
String line = br.readLine();
while (line != null) {
System.out.println(line);
line = br.readLine();
}
reader.close();

// Binary stream writing
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("c:\\myfile.dat");
out.write("Text data".getBytes());
out.write(123);
out.close();

// Binary stream reading
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("c:\\myfile.dat");
byte buff[] = new byte[9];
in.read(buff, 0, 9); // Read first 9 bytes into buff
String s = new String(buff);
int num = in.read(); // Next is 123
in.close();

using System.IO;

// Character stream writing
StreamWriter writer = File.CreateText("c:\\myfile.txt");
writer.WriteLine("Out to file.");
writer.Close();

// Character stream reading
StreamReader reader = File.OpenText("c:\\myfile.txt");
string line = reader.ReadLine();
while (line != null) {
Console.WriteLine(line);
line = reader.ReadLine();
}
reader.Close();

// Binary stream writing
BinaryWriter out = new BinaryWriter(File.OpenWrite("c:\\myfile.dat"));
out.Write("Text data");
out.Write(123);
out.Close();

// Binary stream reading
BinaryReader in = new BinaryReader(File.OpenRead("c:\\myfile.dat"));
string s = in.ReadString();
int num = in.ReadInt32();
in.Close();

本文链接

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变80周年!

2011-09-17T01:50:00Z

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变80周年！

本文链接

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变79周年!

2010-09-17T09:51:00Z

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变79周年!

本文链接

傻子一帮

2010-06-01T14:46:00Z

博客好久没写了，因为自己过得越来越傻了。所以啊，还能指望傻子能写啥博客哦。

不经意间发现这里曾经所谓的高人大都不在漏面了。莫非功成名就而退出江湖不成？还是已经积累了需要的资本另有高处潇洒了？哎，觉得好滑稽的事情。

傻子有点乱说了，不好意思啊，本人谢绝跨省邀请的啊。

本文链接

小小议下WINFORM应用框架开发(一)

2009-12-28T04:38:00Z

小小议下WINFORM应用框架开发

整合TextBox与Label 创建新控件--EFLabelText

2009-10-10T09:08:00Z

程序开发中，经常用到一个Label 和一个TextBox组合显示数据信息，为此要频繁的拉两个控件再做适当调整，为减少类似“傻瓜”作业，而写了这个新控件--EFLabelText，其就是组合Label和TextBox,程序员只要拉一次即可实现原来之较为繁琐的动作。没有技术难点，仅是繁琐点。以下贴出全部代码，稍作修改编译即可使用。（在VS2005 2.0下编译通过，可正常使用之）

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变78周年!

2009-09-18T03:13:00Z

谨诚希望看阅此文的各位,记住: 贫穷，容易受辱；落后，就要挨打。惨痛的历史教训告诉我们：这，是一句真理！要想不再受辱挨打，唯有团结一心，振兴中华。但是，还有一句更为重要的话，时至今日，似乎已被许多人遗忘了——贫穷，不应屈从凌辱；落后，不能甘愿挨打！！！尽管我们，依然还不够富裕强大。但，这决不能成为我们忍气吞声，苟且偷生的堂皇理由。因为，我们还应该有——不屈的血性和无畏的精神！！！“以铜为鉴,可以正衣冠;以古为鉴,可以知兴亡。”我们缅怀过去，不忘历史，是为了珍惜今天，明白责任，继承精神。特别是为今之际，我们所谓的“友邦”——小日本，依然在否认历史，参拜鬼社；占我岛屿，烧我国旗；践踏我国领导人的头像；涌上街头，高举标语，拼命叫嚣，举行反华游行。——哪里是所谓的“一小撮”，而是整个日本社会和民族的主流意识，在疯狂地仇视着我们！因而，我们的纪念和缅怀，将更具有现实的意义。让我们每个人，把这些记忆、愤怒、责任和精神，都自觉传与子孙，并发扬光大。勿忘国耻，振兴中华。让9.18敲响的历史警钟，长鸣在我们民族的天空，长鸣在每个人的心头！

摩斯密码

2009-09-13T11:43:00Z

关于摩斯密码的转载记录.

博客园_中尉

攀钢项目结题

VB.NET and C# Comparison

Java and C# Comparison

勿忘国耻 复兴中华 纪念九一八事变80周年!

勿忘国耻 复兴中华 纪念九一八事变79周年!

傻子一帮

小小议下WINFORM应用框架开发(一)

整合TextBox与Label 创建新控件--EFLabelText

勿忘国耻 复兴中华 纪念九一八事变78周年!

摩斯密码

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变80周年!

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变79周年!

勿忘国耻复兴中华纪念九一八事变78周年!